helm/bin/timein

#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""
Retrieves the time (and time difference) at a location (can be an address,
postal code, country name, etc). Uses Google Maps APIs to map locations to
coordinates, and coordinates to timezones.

Requires: pytz, tzlocal
Usage:    time-in Copenhagen "Toronto, ON" Vancouver
"""

import sys
import json
import os
from base64 import b64encode
from datetime import datetime
from urllib import request
from pathlib import Path

from pytz import timezone
from tzlocal import get_localzone

URL_BASE = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/"
URL_TZ = URL_BASE + "timezone/json?location={},{}&timestamp={}"
URL_GEOCODE = URL_BASE + "geocode/json?address={}"

CACHE_FILE = "{}/timein".format(os.environ.get("XDG_CACHE_HOME") or "/tmp")
CACHE = {}


#
def _generate_url(url, *args):
    return url.format(*map(request.quote, map(str, args)))

def _request(url, *args):
    real_url = url.format(*map(request.quote, map(str, args)))
    resp = request.urlopen(real_url).read()
    result = json.loads(resp.decode('utf-8'))
    if result['status'] == 'OK':
        return result
    elif result['status'] != 'UNKNOWN_ERROR':
        raise Exception(result['error_message'])

def get_timezone(coords, timestamp):
    return _request(URL_TZ, coords['lat'], coords['lng'], timestamp)['timeZoneId']

def get_coords(desc):
    result = _request(URL_GEOCODE, desc)
    if 'results' in result:
        return {"lat": result['results'][0]['geometry']['location']['lat'],
                "lng": result['results'][0]['geometry']['location']['lng'],
                "name": result['results'][0]['formatted_address']}

def cache(key, fn, ttl):
    if key in CACHE and CACHE[key]['time'] < CACHE[key]['time'] + ttl:
        return CACHE[key]['value']
    value = fn()
    if value is not None:
        CACHE[key] = {
            'time': datetime.now().timestamp(),
            'value': value
        }
    return value

def diff(a, b, absolute=False):
    """Returns a timedelta object"""
    a = a.replace(tzinfo=None)
    b = b.replace(tzinfo=None)
    return (max(a, b) - min(a, b), b > a)

def encode(s):
    return str(b64encode(s.encode('ascii')))


#
def each_location(locations):
    """
    Enumerates over and maps a list of location strings to time difference data.
    """
    here = get_localzone().localize(datetime.now())
    for location in locations:
        coords = cache("coords-" + encode(location),
                       lambda l=location: get_coords(l),
                       86400)
        if coords:
            tzname = cache("tz-" + encode(location),
                           lambda c=coords: get_timezone(c, here.timestamp()),
                           1800)
            then = here.astimezone(timezone(tzname))
            tdiff, direction = diff(here, then)
            if tdiff.seconds == 0:
                suffix = "(same timezone)"
            elif direction:
                suffix = "ahead"
            else:
                suffix = "behind"

            yield {
                "name": coords['name'],
                "then": then.strftime("%b %d, %H:%M:%S %Z%z"),
                "diff": int(tdiff.seconds / 60 / 60),
                "suffix": suffix,
            }
        else:
            yield None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    assert sys.argv[1:], "Usage: {} [LOCATION]".format(sys.argv[0])

    cachefp = Path(CACHE_FILE)
    CACHE = json.loads(cachefp.read_text()) if cachefp.exists() else {}

    for data in each_location(sys.argv[1:]):
        if data:
            print("{name:24} {then}\t{diff}h {suffix}".format(**data))
        else:
            print("Couldn't find {name} or something went wrong".format(**data), file=sys.stderr)

    cachefp.write_text(json.dumps(CACHE))